+/- comparisons (such as +/- S&P 500) are used with total return figures to measure the performance of a fund, stock, or portfolio versus the performance of a benchmark. For example, suppose a fund has a five-year total return of 12%, and the +/- S&P 500 line lists 1.5 for the same period. This indicates that the fund outperformed the benchmark for that period by 1.5 percentage points, or the benchmark had a 10.5% return for the period. Likewise, if the +/- line listed –1.5, that indicates that the fund underperformed the index by 1.5 percentage points.